US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo votes at a United Nations Security Council meeting on Venezuela on January 26, 2019 (Johannes EISELE)

United Nations (United States) (AFP) – The United States pressed all nations Saturday to “stand with the forces of freedom” in Venezuela, encouraged by a tougher European line as Russia stood in the minority in backing embattled leader Nicolas Maduro.

US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo made a forceful case at a special session of the United Nations Security Council, where he described Maduro as part of an “illegitimate mafia state” responsible for Venezuela’s economic collapse.

With mounting protests over Venezuela’s crisis in which more than two million have fled shortages of basic food and medicine, Pompeo asked all nations to follow the US in recognizing opposition leader Juan Guaido as the interim president.

“Now it is time for every other nation to pick a side. No more delays, no more games. Either you stand with the forces of freedom, or you’re in league with Maduro and his mayhem,” Pompeo said.

He called on all nations also to end financial transactions with Maduro’s government, which has struggled to pay bills despite the country’s oil wealth.

Pompeo denounced Russia and China, which have stood by Maduro, saying that they were “propping up a failed regime in the hopes of recovering billions of dollars in ill-considered investments and assistance made over the years.”

Russia has denounced the United States for interference and attempted to block the Security Council meeting, but it was voted down with nine of the 15 members agreeing to go forward.

But Russia blocked a draft Security Council statement seen by AFP that would have offered “full support to Guaido and called the National Assembly that he heads “Venezuela’s only democratically elected institution.”

“Venezuela does not pose any threat to peace and security. The intention of the United States is to orchestrate a coup d’etat,” said the Russian ambassador, Vassily Nebenzia.

He accused the United States of continuing to treat Latin America as a “backyard where you can do anything you want” and, in a shot at the Europeans, said Russia would not raise France’s populist Yellow Vest protests at the Security Council.

– Europeans set deadline –

President Donald Trump’s recognition of Guaido has been supported by many Latin American powers including Brazil, Colombia and Argentina — but not all.

European powers, after cautious initial statements, on Saturday warned that they will recognize Guaido unless Maduro calls elections within eight days.

“If within eight days there are no fair, free and transparent elections called in Venezuela, Spain will recognize Juan Guaido as Venezuelan president” so that he himself can call the vote, Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez said in a televised announcement.

Britain, France, and Germany followed suit, with French President Emmanuel Macron tweeting: “The Venezuelan people must be able to freely decide on their future.”

EU foreign policy chief said the European Union would take further steps in the coming days if there is no election announcement.

Venezuelan Foreign Minister Jorge Arreaza rejected the ultimatum, accusing the Europeans of “putting themselves at the tail” of Trump.

“From where do you get the power to issue deadlines or ultimatums to a sovereign people? From where do you come up with such interventionist and, I would even say, childish action?” he told the Security Council, where Pompeo had already left.

The 28-member European Union is not united on Venezuela, with Greece’s ruling left-wing Syriza party voicing “full support and solidarity” for Maduro.

– Tense days ahead –

Sanchez insisted that Spain, which has some 200,000 of its nationals living in Venezuela, is “not looking to impose or remove governments in Venezuela, we want democracy and free elections in Venezuela.”

Maduro’s re-election last year was contested by the opposition and rejected by the US, EU and UN as a sham — but he has until now retained the loyalty of the powerful military.

Guaido, who has managed to galvanize a previously divided opposition, this week attempted to attract military support by offering an amnesty to anyone who disavows Maduro — and suggested amnesty for Maduro himself — but with no luck so far.

He has, however, rejected an offer of talks with Maduro, saying he won’t attend a “fake dialogue” on a crisis that has left 26 dead in clashes this week between anti-Maduro activists and security forces.

More than 350 people have also been detained this week in the protests, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Michelle Bachelet said Friday.

Both Guaido and Maduro have called for demonstrations next week, raising fears of further violence.

Maduro has given US diplomats until late Saturday to leave Venezuela.

The United States said it was ignoring the order as it no longer considers Maduro the president — but withdrew non-essential staff and argued that Maduro still bore responsibility for diplomats’ safety. 

“Do not test the United States on our resolve to protect our people,” Pompeo warned.

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